A meta-analysis of the existing research on flexibility identified the fundamental components:
- Where we work,
- When we work, and
- How predetermined our schedule is.
These component parts lead to six distinct types of flexibility:
- Remote: “Work from anywhere” – Remote employees keep standard office hours but are location independent. Their office is wherever they are.
- DeskPlus: “Partially office-based” – DeskPlus employees keep standard office hours and are partially location independent.
- TravelLite: “Minimal travel requirements” – TravelLite employees have minimal to no travel, with a maximum limit of 10% travel annually.
- TimeShift: “Standardly unconventional hours” – TimeShift employees reorder their working hours to create a set but unconventional schedule (outside of 9-5 conventions) that optimizes their productivity and performance.
- MicroAgility: “Freedom to adapt” – MicroAgility employees have the autonomy to step away from their work 1-3 hours at a time to accommodate the unexpected.
- PartTime: “Reduced workload” – PartTime employees serve in senior-level roles; they have the experience and skills to meet the company objectives on a reduced hours schedule.